Lipids+Honors

media type="youtube" key="jdzLasyT1uc&rel=1" height="199" width="240" 1. Long Term Storage of Energy and Carbon 2. The Building of Structural Parts of Cell Membranes
 * What are Lipids?** Lipids are fats and oils that have two primary functions:

Fats and oils are made of two different molecules, glycerol and three fatty acids. Glycerols are types of alcohol with a hydroxyl group on each of its carbon molecules. The three fatty acids are called triglycerides. Dehydration synthesis joins the glycerols with the fatty acids.

The components of fatty acids are yielded by hydrolysis.

Lipids are unable to mix with water. This is called hydrophobic, which means "water-fearing"

· Do not dissolve in water because they are non-polar · Contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
 * Characteristics of Lipids:**

· Saturated is solid at room temperature, like butter and Crisco · Unsaturated is liquid at room temperature, like Olive oil, Corn oil, and Sunflower oil.
 * What's the Difference Between Unsaturated and Saturated fats?**



Vegetable oil was considered a "good unsaturated oil" but the double bonds were artifitially broken with hydrogens artificially added. This turns the vegetable oil into saturated fat.

· Phospholipids - these form when a molecule of glycerol combines with two fatty acids and a phosphate group. The polar phosphate group allows one end of the lipid molecule to associate with water. Together with proteins, phosolipids form cellular membranes. · Cholesterol - is a part of the structure of animal cells and is important to nutrition. Cells in the human body manufacture many essential substances such as sex hormones from cholesterol. Steriods are hydrophobic, therefore it is classified under lipids.
 * What are two other types of Lipids?**
 * How about Steroids?**

The tail of the fatty acid is a long hydrocarbon chain making it hydrophobic. The head of the fatty acid is hydrophilic.
 * What are fatty acid tails?**

Waxes are organic compounds of monohydric. Carnuba wax is used for its resistance to water and its toughness.
 * What are waxes?**

Carnuba Wax: CH3(CH2)30CO2-(CH2)33CH3

For more information on Lipids, visit: http://biology.clc.uc.edu/Courses/bio104/lipids.htm http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/index_tj.asp?objID=AP13204